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如何學(xué)圍棋?

導(dǎo)讀 圍棋起源于中國(guó),中國(guó)古代稱為“弈”,距今已有4000多年的歷史。圍棋使用矩形格狀棋盤(pán)及黑白二色圓形棋子進(jìn)行對(duì)弈,棋子必須走在空格非禁著點(diǎn)的交叉點(diǎn)上,雙方交替行棋,落子后不能移動(dòng)或悔棋,以目數(shù)多者為勝。圍棋組成棋盤(pán)圍棋盤(pán)是方形的,由縱橫各19條線組成。19╳19形成了361個(gè)交叉點(diǎn)。上有九個(gè)星,最中間的稱“天元”,“元”是第一的意思,“天元”意為天空最高點(diǎn)。棋子圍棋的棋子分為黑白兩色,黑子

圍棋起源于中國(guó),中國(guó)古代稱為“弈”,距今已有4000多年的歷史。圍棋使用矩形格狀棋盤(pán)及黑白二色圓形棋子進(jìn)行對(duì)弈,棋子必須走在空格非禁著點(diǎn)的交叉點(diǎn)上,雙方交替行棋,落子后不能移動(dòng)或悔棋,以目數(shù)多者為勝。

圍棋組成

棋盤(pán)

圍棋盤(pán)是方形的,由縱橫各19條線組成。19╳19形成了361個(gè)交叉點(diǎn)。上有九個(gè)星,最中間的稱“天元”,“元”是第一的意思,“天元”意為天空最高點(diǎn)。

棋子

圍棋的棋子分為黑白兩色,黑子181枚,白子180枚,黑白子加起來(lái)是361枚,恰好和棋盤(pán)的點(diǎn)數(shù)相同。

圍棋規(guī)則

對(duì)局雙方各執(zhí)一色棋子,空枰開(kāi)局,黑先白后,交替著一子于棋盤(pán)的點(diǎn)上。棋子下定后,不再向其他點(diǎn)移動(dòng)。輪流下子是雙方的權(quán)利,但允許任何一方放棄下子權(quán)而使用虛著。

一個(gè)棋子在棋盤(pán)上,與它直線緊鄰的空點(diǎn)是這個(gè)棋子的“氣“”。直線緊鄰的點(diǎn)上如果有同色棋子存在,這些棋子就相互連接成一個(gè)不可分割的整體。直線緊鄰的點(diǎn)上如果有異色棋子存在,此處的氣便不存在。棋子如失去所有的氣,就不能在棋盤(pán)上存在。

把無(wú)氣之子清理出棋盤(pán)的手段叫提子。提子有二種:下子后,對(duì)方棋子無(wú)氣,應(yīng)立即提取對(duì)方無(wú)氣之子。下子后,雙方棋子都呈無(wú)氣狀態(tài),應(yīng)立即提取對(duì)方無(wú)氣之子。

棋盤(pán)上的任何一點(diǎn),如某方下子后,該子立即呈無(wú)氣狀態(tài),同時(shí)又不能提取對(duì)方的棋子。這個(gè)點(diǎn)叫做“禁著點(diǎn)”。

棋局下到雙方一致確認(rèn)著子完畢時(shí),為終局。對(duì)局中有一方中途認(rèn)輸時(shí),為終局。雙方連續(xù)使用虛著,為終局。

終局時(shí),經(jīng)雙方確認(rèn),不能被提取的棋都是活棋。終局時(shí),經(jīng)雙方確認(rèn),能被提取的棋都是死棋。

圍棋術(shù)語(yǔ)

圍棋術(shù)語(yǔ)是在圍棋中用來(lái)表達(dá)某些特定概念和詞語(yǔ)的稱謂,它囊括了圍棋的專(zhuān)用名詞、理論知識(shí)以及競(jìng)賽規(guī)則和對(duì)局經(jīng)驗(yàn)的許多內(nèi)容,既是中國(guó)圍棋文化千百年來(lái)不斷發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物,也是人們學(xué)習(xí)圍棋應(yīng)該掌握的基本常識(shí)。

基本概念

在棋盤(pán)上,棋子與它直線緊緊相鄰的空交叉點(diǎn),就是這個(gè)棋子的“氣”。單獨(dú)一個(gè)棋子的氣數(shù)不超過(guò)四氣,但兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上相連的棋子則可以有四氣以上。棋子若失去所有的氣,就成為死棋,不能在棋盤(pán)上存在。

棋盤(pán)上,被一方棋子所圍地域的空交叉點(diǎn),稱之為“目”。一個(gè)交叉點(diǎn)即是1目,目的數(shù)量稱為“目數(shù)”。

用棋子圍成的地域。

(1)即地域或空。指已為某方占有的地區(qū)。

(2)形勢(shì)判斷用語(yǔ)。如“黑地六十目”,即指黑方可望在全局圍有六十目的地域。

(3)指占有子和“空”的總和。即棋子圍有的全部交叉點(diǎn)。

所包圍的目數(shù)和活棋本身之總和,稱為“地”。

提子

將對(duì)方無(wú)氣的棋子從棋盤(pán)上取下,稱為“提子”。

打劫

雙方可以輪流提取對(duì)方棋子的情況。圍棋規(guī)則規(guī)定,打劫時(shí),被提取的一方不能直接提回,必須在其他地方找劫材使對(duì)方應(yīng)一手之后方可提回。

真眼

由幾個(gè)連接在一起的棋子圍住一個(gè)或兩個(gè)空交叉點(diǎn),則稱該點(diǎn)為真眼,簡(jiǎn)稱“眼”。

假眼

由幾個(gè)沒(méi)有完全連接的棋子圍成了眼的形狀,稱為“假眼” 。在一定條件下,圍成假眼的棋子會(huì)被對(duì)方吃掉。

活棋

棋盤(pán)上凡是對(duì)方無(wú)法提取的棋即是活棋?;钇逋ǔR邆鋬芍徽嫜邸?

死棋

棋盤(pán)上遲早能被對(duì)方提取的棋,即為死棋。死棋不具有兩只真眼。

雙活

雙方互圍的棋子均無(wú)兩只真眼,但又不能制殺對(duì)方時(shí)即為“雙活”,也稱“公活”。

禁著點(diǎn)

棋盤(pán)任一點(diǎn),一方下子后,該棋子即呈無(wú)氣狀態(tài),同時(shí)又不能提取對(duì)方的棋子,這個(gè)點(diǎn)就稱為該方的“禁著點(diǎn)”。一方不能下子的禁著點(diǎn),對(duì)方可以下子。

布局

布局是一盤(pán)棋的先導(dǎo),也是雙方進(jìn)行陣容部署、各自搶占要點(diǎn),為雙方接觸作戰(zhàn)作準(zhǔn)備的階段。

定式

是指布局階段雙方在角部的爭(zhēng)奪中,按照一定的行棋次序,選擇比較合理的著法,最終形成雙方大體安定、利益大體均等的棋本棋形。定式的種類(lèi)有星定式、小目定式、三三定式、目外定式、高目定式等。

中盤(pán)

指雙方在布局之后從短兵相接開(kāi)始進(jìn)行的全局性作戰(zhàn)階段。

收官

中盤(pán)作戰(zhàn)基本結(jié)束,雙方所占地域已經(jīng)大致確定,進(jìn)而使雙方屬地完全明確的一系列著法。

在棋盤(pán)坐標(biāo)4·四的位置和棋盤(pán)正中央標(biāo)有九個(gè)小圓點(diǎn),術(shù)語(yǔ)稱為“星”。這九顆星,將棋盤(pán)大致劃分為左上角、右上角、左下角、右下角、上邊、下邊、左邊、右邊和中腹九個(gè)區(qū)域。

指棋盤(pán)四個(gè)角部星位內(nèi)側(cè)的區(qū)域。

指棋盤(pán)四個(gè)邊星兩側(cè)的區(qū)域。

天元

棋盤(pán)正中央的一顆星稱作“天元”。

小目

棋盤(pán)坐標(biāo)3·四位置稱作“小目”。

高目

棋盤(pán)坐標(biāo)4·五的位置稱作“高目”。

目外

棋盤(pán)坐標(biāo)3·五的位置稱作“目外”。

三三

棋盤(pán)坐標(biāo)3·三的位置稱為“三三”。

急所

指對(duì)局時(shí),急需搶占的要點(diǎn)之處,無(wú)固定位置。

大場(chǎng)

指布局時(shí),棋盤(pán)上下子后能夠開(kāi)拆或分投之處。

天王山

"天王山"一詞是指在布局階段,雙方大勢(shì)力的消漲要點(diǎn),表示盤(pán)面中雙方都應(yīng)搶占的重要的位置。

俗稱

布局時(shí)在一方有一子占據(jù)角部時(shí),另一方在其附近間隔一路或二路的位置行棋,稱作“掛”。在三線行棋,稱為低掛,在四線行棋,稱為高掛。根據(jù)雙方棋子的相對(duì)位置,又可分為一間高掛、二間高掛、一間低掛、二間低掛和小飛掛、大飛掛等。掛的目的在于破壞或侵占對(duì)方所占的角部。

也稱為“締角”或“守角”。指在己方原有小目、高目或目外一子的基礎(chǔ)上,再下一著棋,使己方兩個(gè)子相互配合守角的著法。締角既有利于圍占角地,又可進(jìn)一步控制和開(kāi)拓邊上的大場(chǎng),是布局階段常采用的著法。

長(zhǎng)

雙方棋子緊貼著向同一方向行棋,先行的一方,棋子會(huì)始終高出對(duì)方一頭。長(zhǎng)的著法能將己方的棋子連接成一個(gè)整體,這樣可以延長(zhǎng)棋子的氣,既可以防止對(duì)方的攻擊,又便于伺機(jī)攻擊對(duì)方。

緊靠著己方原有的棋子,豎著向邊線方向下一子的著法。通常多指在二線或三線的行棋。

在原有棋子的斜線上下一子。由于尖的步子較小,也稱其為“小尖”。在實(shí)戰(zhàn)中,尖是一種攻守兼?zhèn)涞南路ǎ饶軌虮3謨勺娱g的連絡(luò),又能夠出頭,控制行棋的方向。

從原有棋子出發(fā),向棋盤(pán)“日”字形的對(duì)角上下一子,叫小飛。若下在 “目”字形的對(duì)角上,就叫做大飛。飛還有一種形式,叫做象步飛。與象棋的象步走法相同。

在己方有子力配合的情況下,將棋下在對(duì)方棋子的上面,其主要作用是壓制對(duì)方,擴(kuò)張自己的外勢(shì)、使己方的棋更加厚實(shí),強(qiáng)大。壓的著法往往還有聲東擊西的作用。

從原有棋子的同一橫線上,向左或向右有間隔地下一子。如果間隔一路,稱為“拆一”,若是間隔二路,則稱 “拆二”,其余類(lèi)推。

在雙方棋子相互接觸時(shí),直接阻攔對(duì)方侵入己方地域或阻止對(duì)方被圍的棋子向外沖出的著法。

在無(wú)己方棋子接應(yīng)時(shí),緊靠著對(duì)方的棋子旁邊下一子,稱為碰。通常是用于試探對(duì)方怎樣應(yīng)對(duì),追求變化的一種手段。

在有己方棋子作策應(yīng)的情況下,緊貼對(duì)方棋子旁邊下一子。

在己方棋子與對(duì)方棋子間隔一路的情況下,緊貼對(duì)方棋子的兩側(cè)下一子的著法。也稱作“搭靠”。

將可能被對(duì)方分?jǐn)嗟钠遄舆B接成一體的著法。

(zhān)指將被對(duì)方“打吃”的棋子與己方的其它棋子連接成一個(gè)整體的著法。

在對(duì)方相隔一路的棋子中間下一子的著法。這種著法通常用在能夠分?jǐn)鄬?duì)方棋子,并能有效地攻擊對(duì)方的場(chǎng)合下。

將對(duì)方棋子夾在我方兩子中間的著法。

也稱滾打。指由己方先棄一、二子,然后把敵子打吃成凝聚形狀的著法過(guò)程。

也稱打吃。在對(duì)方棋子只有兩口氣時(shí),再下一子,使其僅剩一口氣的狀態(tài)。

雙打

下一子同時(shí)打吃對(duì)方兩邊的棋子,形成兩者必得其一的著法。

下一子,使對(duì)方的棋子立即呈現(xiàn)無(wú)氣被吃狀態(tài),隨即把被吃的死棋從棋盤(pán)上提取掉。

也稱做“征子”,是圍棋中吃棋子的一種方法,俗稱“拐羊頭”。被“征吃”一方的棋子因只有一口氣,如若沒(méi)有己方棋子接應(yīng),即使立即逃出,對(duì)方可按預(yù)定的行棋次序繼續(xù)緊氣追殺,最終會(huì)將其全部吃掉。

(qiǎ)在對(duì)方棋形的要害處下一子,使其立即呈現(xiàn)某種缺陷的有效著法。

緊挨著對(duì)方成“尖”形的兩個(gè)子旁邊下一子,具有約束對(duì)方棋形或使對(duì)方棋形出現(xiàn)斷點(diǎn)或缺陷的著法。

將棋背向?qū)Ψ降钠遄幼叱蓮澢男螤睿Q為“曲”。

玉柱

在角部或邊上原有一子的基礎(chǔ)上再下立一子的著法。用于加強(qiáng)己方的形勢(shì)或穩(wěn)固己方地域。

尖頂

緊靠對(duì)方的棋子下一子,在使己方棋子成“尖”形的同時(shí),起到頂撞對(duì)方棋子的作用。

鼻頂

在對(duì)方棋形正前方頂住對(duì)方若干棋子的著法。

下一子,將兩處分開(kāi)的棋子若即若離地取得聯(lián)絡(luò),以保證大塊棋子安全的著法。連的常用著法有跳、關(guān)、拆、小飛、大飛、大跳等。

基本殺法

中局戰(zhàn)略

對(duì)對(duì)方的弱棋,特別是失去很據(jù)與其已成活的棋子沒(méi)有聯(lián)絡(luò)的孤棋進(jìn)行攻擊,是中盤(pán)戰(zhàn)中爭(zhēng)取主動(dòng)的重要手段。

遇到對(duì)方出現(xiàn)孤棋,一定抓住機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行攻擊,爭(zhēng)取吃掉對(duì)方以獲取對(duì)局中的最大效率。這樣往往會(huì)引起激烈的戰(zhàn)斗,要經(jīng)常審視圍殺中自己出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,否則非但殲敵不成反會(huì)斷送自己。 在攻擊中完全殲滅對(duì)方一片棋的情況是不多的,多是通過(guò)攻擊獲得其他好處,其中之一即是擴(kuò)展自己的領(lǐng)地,鞏固己之本來(lái)不穩(wěn)固的領(lǐng)地,也通過(guò)攻孤棋來(lái)達(dá)到目的。 通過(guò)連續(xù)攻擊壓迫敵棋邊角,也加強(qiáng)自己的外勢(shì),但要分析、計(jì)算好,在什么形勢(shì)下有利,什么形勢(shì)下不利。

從發(fā)展來(lái)看,治理孤棋首先考慮的是向中央出頭。不能出頭,被封住往往是吃虧的,除非逃不出時(shí)才行此下策。

當(dāng)遇到攻擊,無(wú)法向中央出頭時(shí),有機(jī)會(huì)、有條件時(shí)可以聯(lián)絡(luò)到自己另一塊棋上去。

如出頭和渡過(guò)均不可能時(shí)只得就地求活,如單獨(dú)活不成,則爭(zhēng)取雙活,如果雙活亦不成時(shí),應(yīng)停止這一帶的活動(dòng),停止得越早越好。

縮小眼

從周?chē)鷶D壓對(duì)方的棋的生存空間,使它不能有做成兩只真眼的空間。

點(diǎn)中心點(diǎn)

對(duì)方有一個(gè)中心點(diǎn)是做眼的要點(diǎn),一旦被對(duì)手搶先,就能做出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的真眼。比如直三、彎三、刀把五、梅花六,這些棋形的中心點(diǎn)就是殺棋的要點(diǎn)。

打劫殺

在不能凈殺的情況下,可以通過(guò)打劫來(lái)殺死對(duì)方,職業(yè)棋手往往擅長(zhǎng)利用劫爭(zhēng)一舉獲得優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以有時(shí)雙方棋形的厚薄,劫材的多少,也是一盤(pán)棋的勝負(fù)關(guān)鍵,往往多一枚劫材就決定了大盤(pán)的勝負(fù)。

脹死牛

將對(duì)方點(diǎn)眼的棋子的外氣全部緊完,在對(duì)方虎口里走一子,然后打吃對(duì)方,使對(duì)方不能連,將其脹死,稱為“脹死?!?。

布局常識(shí)

布局指圍棋的開(kāi)局走法,一般在幾手到幾十手的范圍內(nèi)。局棋的進(jìn)行一般由布局、中盤(pán)、官子三個(gè)階段構(gòu)成,布局作為一局棋的初始階段,奠定了整個(gè)棋局的骨架與脈絡(luò)。對(duì)局雙方各自搶占棋盤(pán)上的空地,同時(shí)盡量阻止對(duì)方占地,由此導(dǎo)入中盤(pán)戰(zhàn)斗。圍棋有諺語(yǔ)“金龜銀邊莫肚皮”即以國(guó)突效率而言魚(yú)上最高、中腹最差。

圍棋基本布局

三連星

即在邊上星位連下三顆子,這一布局極易成大模樣。對(duì)于另一方來(lái)說(shuō),必須有“鉆地道"和"拆天橋”的能力,否則必?cái)o(wú)疑。 由于三個(gè)子都處在第四線上,故這種布局的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不是占角,而是向中央發(fā)展。三連星的用意在于取勢(shì)或構(gòu)成模樣,中央是它的主要戰(zhàn)場(chǎng),這是三連星的特征。

二連星

較之三連星,二連星更為靈活多變,速度也快,并可視局部變化取地或取勢(shì),而不像三連星那樣很容易就走上單一取勢(shì)的道路。

中國(guó)流

它的外形與三連星相似,如果把它放平了看,有一種“橋”的感覺(jué),因此在中國(guó)也叫做橋梁式布局。

相小目

黑1、3子占相鄰的兩個(gè)角,同以小目的四線一方指向白棋,稱為“相小目”。其特點(diǎn)是把著眼點(diǎn)集中在一方。

星小目

黑1、3用星和小目占相鄰兩角,稱為“星小目”

對(duì)戰(zhàn)心態(tài)

修身養(yǎng)性,切忌浮躁

棋手實(shí)戰(zhàn)時(shí)覺(jué)得局面都已占優(yōu),注意力不集中的情況下出現(xiàn)昏招,形勢(shì)頓時(shí)翻盤(pán)。接下來(lái)絕大多數(shù)棋手會(huì)立即要求再來(lái)一盤(pán)以求“報(bào)仇”,但是接下來(lái)的對(duì)局心態(tài)已失去了平常心,于是連下連敗以致一敗涂地。

具備謀略心機(jī)

謀略是為創(chuàng)造有利條件而實(shí)行的全盤(pán)性行動(dòng)的計(jì)劃和策略,也就是創(chuàng)造致勝條件。這需要長(zhǎng)期的對(duì)弈、總結(jié)、打譜的積累。

1、真正的進(jìn)攻就要有收獲,就要使局面朝著有利于自己的方向發(fā)展,這叫做攻有所獲。

2、單純的防守不好,具有反擊的防守才真正具有威力,這叫做守中有攻。

3、在面對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)兩種有利局面的時(shí)候,選擇最大程度有利于自己取得勝利的局面。在面對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)兩種不利局面的時(shí)候,選擇最小程度不利于自己的局面。

4、尋找出進(jìn)攻的機(jī)會(huì)和線路,熟練地運(yùn)用各種技戰(zhàn)術(shù),使局面朝理想方向發(fā)展,這叫做捕捉戰(zhàn)機(jī)。

5、中局作戰(zhàn)過(guò)程中,要時(shí)常對(duì)當(dāng)前局面有清醒地認(rèn)識(shí),該攻則攻 ,當(dāng)守則守,進(jìn)攻的線路,防守的要點(diǎn),都在審局度勢(shì)的范圍之中。

6、多算勝,少算不勝。

工具推薦

書(shū)籍

1、《圍棋入門(mén)一月通》 邱百瑞·著

2、《圍棋入門(mén)(修訂版)》翟燕生,徐瑩主編

3、《圍棋入門(mén)(圍棋自學(xué)速成寶典)》李燁·著

軟件

星陣圍棋

星陣圍棋是行業(yè)內(nèi)知名的AI圍棋對(duì)弈平臺(tái),曾與世界圍棋冠軍柯潔對(duì)戰(zhàn),并多次獲得世界圍棋AI大賽冠軍。目前星陣圍棋已推出手機(jī)端軟件、iPad軟件, 也可以使用電腦網(wǎng)頁(yè)版。

弈城圍棋

弈城圍棋網(wǎng)成立于2005年,是老牌知名圍棋平臺(tái),主要功能有:各大圍棋賽事現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播、職業(yè)棋手全程講解、Al分析、Leela Master. Leela Zero、Elfgo、 Minigo全程為棋迷提供對(duì)弈分析,查看實(shí)時(shí)勝率,Al復(fù)盤(pán),隨時(shí)邀請(qǐng)各國(guó)棋迷在線對(duì)弈。

忘憂圍棋

忘憂圍棋是一款專(zhuān)門(mén)針對(duì)手機(jī)用戶而自主研發(fā)的人工智能人機(jī)對(duì)弈圍棋游戲, 擁有較強(qiáng)的棋力并附帶近七萬(wàn)局名手對(duì)局棋譜,是世上最完善的棋譜庫(kù)。同時(shí)忘憂圍棋還提供圍棋比賽直播功能,可以觀看職業(yè)棋手比賽的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。

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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6waWKMOUgGYUUZiV8Uz5Ng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"把無(wú)氣之子清理出棋盤(pán)的手段叫提子。提子有二種:下子后,對(duì)方棋子無(wú)氣,應(yīng)立即提取對(duì)方無(wú)氣之子。下子后,雙方棋子都呈無(wú)氣狀態(tài),應(yīng)立即提取對(duì)方無(wú)氣之子。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8C2iaAyeAOO6WSedhU3plh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"棋盤(pán)上的任何一點(diǎn),如某方下子后,該子立即呈無(wú)氣狀態(tài),同時(shí)又不能提取對(duì)方的棋子。這個(gè)點(diǎn)叫做“禁著點(diǎn)”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKIosCiqW80kcQnYVC6K1Tb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"棋局下到雙方一致確認(rèn)著子完畢時(shí),為終局。對(duì)局中有一方中途認(rèn)輸時(shí),為終局。雙方連續(xù)使用虛著,為終局。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsUiEmoGWwEwKaGiQY3mVqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"終局時(shí),經(jīng)雙方確認(rèn),不能被提取的棋都是活棋。終局時(shí),經(jīng)雙方確認(rèn),能被提取的棋都是死棋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWQ4ciUOumAUiiMuJDsS6yb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"圍棋術(shù)語(yǔ)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu6A88eAIcI8cQvYVpTjk6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"圍棋術(shù)語(yǔ)是在圍棋中用來(lái)表達(dá)某些特定概念和詞語(yǔ)的稱謂,它囊括了圍棋的專(zhuān)用名詞、理論知識(shí)以及競(jìng)賽規(guī)則和對(duì)局經(jīng)驗(yàn)的許多內(nèi)容,既是中國(guó)圍棋文化千百年來(lái)不斷發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物,也是人們學(xué)習(xí)圍棋應(yīng)該掌握的基本常識(shí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmEaiCs2yS2yMwhGdUtBCDe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmCISIGY4YK4M87y1rhXExe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"氣","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsE84yay6WUWAIYeAn5G0fb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在棋盤(pán)上,棋子與它直線緊緊相鄰的空交叉點(diǎn),就是這個(gè)棋子的“氣”。單獨(dú)一個(gè)棋子的氣數(shù)不超過(guò)四氣,但兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上相連的棋子則可以有四氣以上。棋子若失去所有的氣,就成為死棋,不能在棋盤(pán)上存在。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGiCoCis4ic6oAZhoM73WFf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":348,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcngA4OoKa6MWQ86mdwYYFUxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu4gQMaGWEOeg2n7xVfyhse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"棋盤(pán)上,被一方棋子所圍地域的空交叉點(diǎn),稱之為“目”。一個(gè)交叉點(diǎn)即是1目,目的數(shù)量稱為“目數(shù)”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUMkW264GEoOCWqeQo5vdKb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":322,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnOGEmEMoWe6Ge2yL7OUxykb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"空","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWcSy06SQwYyeGERyFcbM0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用棋子圍成的地域。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEC8Oca0oCSSYklbbtTCeKg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcn8CQQ60cEcAIoewuGkdewVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwOgwmiewkG8wO8OqWPfxFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)即地域或空。指已為某方占有的地區(qū)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnayGYsOaaASciY3bWiYfUpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)形勢(shì)判斷用語(yǔ)。如“黑地六十目”,即指黑方可望在全局圍有六十目的地域。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuO04YcqkkwMWiGYUWScyih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)指占有子和“空”的總和。即棋子圍有的全部交叉點(diǎn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno2QsE0686WycSm3s6h4kze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"所包圍的目數(shù)和活棋本身之總和,稱為“地”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOqgoi6cWomAIkT6HS5dmHc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":402,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnYOo4O8iC0owO2L5AZzRp5f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"提子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneyi4iGYkQ0YqOw9rerucrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將對(duì)方無(wú)氣的棋子從棋盤(pán)上取下,稱為“提子”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqCYeIi22Ge2WO67HeokUle"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":635,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnCwYyIkACkSm62njquwFhJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"打劫","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEUGSI4UAmyIMmUmG3RsPrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"雙方可以輪流提取對(duì)方棋子的情況。圍棋規(guī)則規(guī)定,打劫時(shí),被提取的一方不能直接提回,必須在其他地方找劫材使對(duì)方應(yīng)一手之后方可提回。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0mUSCMwI2qyA6ZqBrzZOrc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本概念","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnq6MiKAogQywI8rP2YyURxf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"真眼","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYKoc6kiwA6MK8Tr55t1Hif"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"由幾個(gè)連接在一起的棋子圍住一個(gè)或兩個(gè)空交叉點(diǎn),則稱該點(diǎn)為真眼,簡(jiǎn)稱“眼”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG6wyYi0oCK8yQH49BSvUb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“目”字形的對(duì)角上,就叫做大飛。飛還有一種形式,叫做象步飛。與象棋的象步走法相同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKIEe4wssaMe4Sodqsje7Qb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"壓","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkWOuM0kIucUWW6bSW6IUSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在己方有子力配合的情況下,將棋下在對(duì)方棋子的上面,其主要作用是壓制對(duì)方,擴(kuò)張自己的外勢(shì)、使己方的棋更加厚實(shí),強(qiáng)大。壓的著法往往還有聲東擊西的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnScWMEu4eiW4S8vTF42rIUf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"拆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc2ScWiAa0MUIe4dmDp4MUc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"從原有棋子的同一橫線上,向左或向右有間隔地下一子。如果間隔一路,稱為“拆一”,若是間隔二路,則稱 “拆二”,其余類(lèi)推。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4a8GeYGwCMWiuEU9Emuiud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"擋","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnScQEQc2UoauIU5L6JcSeJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在雙方棋子相互接觸時(shí),直接阻攔對(duì)方侵入己方地域或阻止對(duì)方被圍的棋子向外沖出的著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsQ8K4KKs6E6mWBtUZdydPo"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"碰","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno0U0EASQ8eAoae84MHUC8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在無(wú)己方棋子接應(yīng)時(shí),緊靠著對(duì)方的棋子旁邊下一子,稱為碰。通常是用于試探對(duì)方怎樣應(yīng)對(duì),追求變化的一種手段。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0w4ukesQUei6gVgstBqWXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"靠","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW8cQM62EQi2KywbsnP7cRe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在有己方棋子作策應(yīng)的情況下,緊貼對(duì)方棋子旁邊下一子。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMKaw6MY4sUA8Sse132vYWd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"搭","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngAuWEquIGy2UK079t8gsth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在己方棋子與對(duì)方棋子間隔一路的情況下,緊貼對(duì)方棋子的兩側(cè)下一子的著法。也稱作“搭靠”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSyEQYmK0uys0YYd7ycE7gA"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"接","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQWQI0eUmcM8gmy7t30lhUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將可能被對(duì)方分?jǐn)嗟钠遄舆B接成一體的著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSUcwYQ6QEUyIqUXj0wwtsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"粘","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsMwcC4I44euWm6GDdyFZdg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(zhān)指將被對(duì)方“打吃”的棋子與己方的其它棋子連接成一個(gè)整體的著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8wkc804cOoi808FHVkakpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"挖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKS4OuOcCkq8kwz5vcJe5Qg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在對(duì)方相隔一路的棋子中間下一子的著法。這種著法通常用在能夠分?jǐn)鄬?duì)方棋子,并能有效地攻擊對(duì)方的場(chǎng)合下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsUMO0IK840ke0apq5owyog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"夾","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKu4kyKAMCyeOmsGoiDhdhe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將對(duì)方棋子夾在我方兩子中間的著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsus2uqwgw0aco2sdjq3r8r"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"滾","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2ySEIku86Wm8KsMnrjdkgc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也稱滾打。指由己方先棄一、二子,然后把敵子打吃成凝聚形狀的著法過(guò)程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnImuW8ueaCMY0iIFUbiklFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"打","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw0A0cQmMYoycwnFrjL42Mg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也稱打吃。在對(duì)方棋子只有兩口氣時(shí),再下一子,使其僅剩一口氣的狀態(tài)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneYuuYkUq4WmEgrZYhx0iPe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"雙打","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwkuaKEiyyOe4M572Vsf3Pc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下一子同時(shí)打吃對(duì)方兩邊的棋子,形成兩者必得其一的著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM60O00cSS4WoUP5HNEhG3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"提","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGCkY4gKgaIeGctzCRg9nSN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下一子,使對(duì)方的棋子立即呈現(xiàn)無(wú)氣被吃狀態(tài),隨即把被吃的死棋從棋盤(pán)上提取掉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneOU6g2yi6W44O8is0NSgvf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"征","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMA6m0Ac20YquMnfXBiLnXc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也稱做“征子”,是圍棋中吃棋子的一種方法,俗稱“拐羊頭”。被“征吃”一方的棋子因只有一口氣,如若沒(méi)有己方棋子接應(yīng),即使立即逃出,對(duì)方可按預(yù)定的行棋次序繼續(xù)緊氣追殺,最終會(huì)將其全部吃掉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqkCOCwWqcmqqwlUoagV5Fc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"卡","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCyKMQqMK2OAMuOxge47Fvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(qiǎ)在對(duì)方棋形的要害處下一子,使其立即呈現(xiàn)某種缺陷的有效著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnECIEK4EeI4wKMrPxq7atwh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"掖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2U2IAqEeGAgoMV6Fjr6nUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"緊挨著對(duì)方成“尖”形的兩個(gè)子旁邊下一子,具有約束對(duì)方棋形或使對(duì)方棋形出現(xiàn)斷點(diǎn)或缺陷的著法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4gC8gESqO2SCK8XYfvvQAf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"曲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMWa6WySQ46IcW8StRfPIwe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將棋背向?qū)Ψ降钠遄幼叱蓮澢男螤?,稱為“曲”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne0Cs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在攻擊中完全殲滅對(duì)方一片棋的情況是不多的,多是通過(guò)攻擊獲得其他好處,其中之一即是擴(kuò)展自己的領(lǐng)地,鞏固己之本來(lái)不穩(wěn)固的領(lǐng)地,也通過(guò)攻孤棋來(lái)達(dá)到目的。 通過(guò)連續(xù)攻擊壓迫敵棋邊角,也加強(qiáng)自己的外勢(shì),但要分析、計(jì)算好,在什么形勢(shì)下有利,什么形勢(shì)下不利。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIsOG4wK2KyEuQ3zxUqbS8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"從發(fā)展來(lái)看,治理孤棋首先考慮的是向中央出頭。不能出頭,被封住往往是吃虧的,除非逃不出時(shí)才行此下策。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEIwcAOM2cO6wucALeRD7Og"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)遇到攻擊,無(wú)法向中央出頭時(shí),有機(jī)會(huì)、有條件時(shí)可以聯(lián)絡(luò)到自己另一塊棋上去。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0ag8IAmE4eUQGCP5JeRkYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如出頭和渡過(guò)均不可能時(shí)只得就地求活,如單獨(dú)活不成,則爭(zhēng)取雙活,如果雙活亦不成時(shí),應(yīng)停止這一帶的活動(dòng),停止得越早越好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniISGEy4qwS4uGBg5Lg6Tob"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":414,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"中局戰(zhàn)略","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnYCICEWCqGG6CYt9QqBHBAd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"縮小眼","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyk8ySMgGSs4C2HlEQk8qFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"從周?chē)鷶D壓對(duì)方的棋的生存空間,使它不能有做成兩只真眼的空間。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngwu44G8kkgEyi21WKFtqXg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":407,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"縮小眼","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcngUGGcQaKieMwO2zBSJtBMd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"點(diǎn)中心點(diǎn)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQCAcmegQiW0UCejTephuxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"對(duì)方有一個(gè)中心點(diǎn)是做眼的要點(diǎn),一旦被對(duì)手搶先,就能做出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的真眼。比如直三、彎三、刀把五、梅花六,這些棋形的中心點(diǎn)就是殺棋的要點(diǎn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngsQkMKUaIckWGOU6E2bnhc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":444,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"點(diǎn)中心點(diǎn)","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnYuWcioQwGqGoiYLSRPE3ac"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"打劫殺","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS0UUEuM6yEgI0nQaXLEAzy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在不能凈殺的情況下,可以通過(guò)打劫來(lái)殺死對(duì)方,職業(yè)棋手往往擅長(zhǎng)利用劫爭(zhēng)一舉獲得優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以有時(shí)雙方棋形的厚薄,劫材的多少,也是一盤(pán)棋的勝負(fù)關(guān)鍵,往往多一枚劫材就決定了大盤(pán)的勝負(fù)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMGmcK0maaQaaA3tL3gXRIb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"打劫殺","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnUqqmeemwia0sN7kKYLatrH"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"脹死牛","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOumUaoYIYOQq4GAZov7Ofb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將對(duì)方點(diǎn)眼的棋子的外氣全部緊完,在對(duì)方虎口里走一子,然后打吃對(duì)方,使對(duì)方不能連,將其脹死,稱為“脹死?!?。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCKcMCsgci0mEOyCtKdDKAh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":491,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"脹死牛","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcn62iQCq62MOUYwrjJIBTGzf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"布局常識(shí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneKUaiGss6AiAW8RvnzxmJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"布局指圍棋的開(kāi)局走法,一般在幾手到幾十手的范圍內(nèi)。局棋的進(jìn)行一般由布局、中盤(pán)、官子三個(gè)階段構(gòu)成,布局作為一局棋的初始階段,奠定了整個(gè)棋局的骨架與脈絡(luò)。對(duì)局雙方各自搶占棋盤(pán)上的空地,同時(shí)盡量阻止對(duì)方占地,由此導(dǎo)入中盤(pán)戰(zhàn)斗。圍棋有諺語(yǔ)“金龜銀邊莫肚皮”即以國(guó)突效率而言魚(yú)上最高、中腹最差。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuO4uMY4qsI4C6B1lNnN84c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"圍棋基本布局 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncOesCUmmaKkmgXvTDlcmFg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"三連星","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMW6aCiAeayWw44RLYO0FHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"即在邊上星位連下三顆子,這一布局極易成大模樣。對(duì)于另一方來(lái)說(shuō),必須有“鉆地道"和"拆天橋”的能力,否則必?cái)o(wú)疑。 由于三個(gè)子都處在第四線上,故這種布局的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不是占角,而是向中央發(fā)展。三連星的用意在于取勢(shì)或構(gòu)成模樣,中央是它的主要戰(zhàn)場(chǎng),這是三連星的特征。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2aOYq0k4Y68AyM1U6DKYoe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":496,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"三連星","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnSC2MiGak46eocnQEicDFuh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"二連星","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ4MgMqogI2GwgVGVqS2wsg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"較之三連星,二連星更為靈活多變,速度也快,并可視局部變化取地或取勢(shì),而不像三連星那樣很容易就走上單一取勢(shì)的道路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYiSyieaMQKsovJKOhesOgK"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":537,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"二連星","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcn8qASQ80YGysWyWChdgTJCf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中國(guó)流","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneUWo2M806EEiqyLYO7E4zx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它的外形與三連星相似,如果把它放平了看,有一種“橋”的感覺(jué),因此在中國(guó)也叫做橋梁式布局。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUMmagius6WaIzgLUy2xymI"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":584,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"中國(guó)流","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnmqQqQceSgkkAo7MimsSr6e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"相小目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneIq2M4y2kQC8ucslCtq0zh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"黑1、3子占相鄰的兩個(gè)角,同以小目的四線一方指向白棋,稱為“相小目”。其特點(diǎn)是把著眼點(diǎn)集中在一方。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIiyWmk2UG2Ew8p4Gpuc60f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":498,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"相小目","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcn0u24CiGOgEcMk1rkA8sIjc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"星小目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyYE28YM6cgICGKWBn0fLac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"黑1、3用星和小目占相鄰兩角,稱為“星小目”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyWsEoKsICAYU6jEL0Ufrqd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":547,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"星小目","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnkGQeU6Iey80GKEAmw6o3Jb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"對(duì)戰(zhàn)心態(tài)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSqqk6AuuEqmoio3C8o0LId"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"修身養(yǎng)性,切忌浮躁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOEymm0oiWYMgWkjekxeqhf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"棋手實(shí)戰(zhàn)時(shí)覺(jué)得局面都已占優(yōu),注意力不集中的情況下出現(xiàn)昏招,形勢(shì)頓時(shí)翻盤(pán)。接下來(lái)絕大多數(shù)棋手會(huì)立即要求再來(lái)一盤(pán)以求“報(bào)仇”,但是接下來(lái)的對(duì)局心態(tài)已失去了平常心,于是連下連敗以致一敗涂地。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOaw4MCYW20sEv1TEfhjWmG"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"具備謀略心機(jī)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6iKwmeI006iAsJPAdNgHoh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"謀略是為創(chuàng)造有利條件而實(shí)行的全盤(pán)性行動(dòng)的計(jì)劃和策略,也就是創(chuàng)造致勝條件。這需要長(zhǎng)期的對(duì)弈、總結(jié)、打譜的積累。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncmG8UK408cGWyW8RPUErdh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、真正的進(jìn)攻就要有收獲,就要使局面朝著有利于自己的方向發(fā)展,這叫做攻有所獲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8oEECKQm2iggEn8qlkJPpc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、單純的防守不好,具有反擊的防守才真正具有威力,這叫做守中有攻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4WaEqA28IYoqk9sKLehUqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、在面對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)兩種有利局面的時(shí)候,選擇最大程度有利于自己取得勝利的局面。在面對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)兩種不利局面的時(shí)候,選擇最小程度不利于自己的局面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWWkogwikM4GOum3U7IZorf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、尋找出進(jìn)攻的機(jī)會(huì)和線路,熟練地運(yùn)用各種技戰(zhàn)術(shù),使局面朝理想方向發(fā)展,這叫做捕捉戰(zhàn)機(jī)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna0ccwsKkwCc4MpwkLEdFWf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、中局作戰(zhàn)過(guò)程中,要時(shí)常對(duì)當(dāng)前局面有清醒地認(rèn)識(shí),該攻則攻 ,當(dāng)守則守,進(jìn)攻的線路,防守的要點(diǎn),都在審局度勢(shì)的范圍之中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuwyS444OQqmOMjMFQIF6ac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、多算勝,少算不勝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyMc86AawemMOSYYnLv3pod"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具推薦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8UoQEi2SaMkMkbMQqB5eFe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"書(shū)籍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ8A0o0CwC6IyY3IodkYv4J"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、《圍棋入門(mén)一月通》 邱百瑞·著","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY6IOKCkAwQ6EKQqY5H0rNc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":811,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"書(shū)籍","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnqYaWuqIS8UoskjOqprqOid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、《圍棋入門(mén)(修訂版)》","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"翟燕生","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",徐瑩主編","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4GmCK44Oe8SOw1x3krWLAf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":495,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"書(shū)籍","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcnyUGe8SKwEu0Ug3ieiFuy6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、《圍棋入門(mén)(圍棋自學(xué)速成寶典)》李燁·著","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn26WueiyeCykOIJlDR0AqGh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":692,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"書(shū)籍","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"doxcn0mEyOMOM0Guic9gH53Evle"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwawuoOWammUo6ZTUDwQv8d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"星陣圍棋","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnie2KkkOYgiwuOGeCVMwvyd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"星陣圍棋是行業(yè)內(nèi)知名的AI圍棋對(duì)弈平臺(tái),曾與世界圍棋冠軍柯潔對(duì)戰(zhàn),并多次獲得世界圍棋AI大賽冠軍。目前星陣圍棋已推出手機(jī)端軟件、iPad軟件, 也可以使用電腦網(wǎng)頁(yè)版。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuWmUQyOMwowmwScTNWDaiC"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"弈城圍棋","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn00Qu8MMI6wMgwPKeLzbjac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"弈城圍棋網(wǎng)成立于2005年,是老牌知名圍棋平臺(tái),主要功能有:各大圍棋賽事現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播、職業(yè)棋手全程講解、Al分析、Leela Master. Leela Zero、Elfgo、 Minigo全程為棋迷提供對(duì)弈分析,查看實(shí)時(shí)勝率,Al復(fù)盤(pán),隨時(shí)邀請(qǐng)各國(guó)棋迷在線對(duì)弈。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaIY4kWkYqWQaqM1xK1HHgb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"忘憂圍棋","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEo0WWqYI4S46K6uML3OESc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"忘憂圍棋是一款專(zhuān)門(mén)針對(duì)手機(jī)用戶而自主研發(fā)的人工智能人機(jī)對(duì)弈圍棋游戲, 擁有較強(qiáng)的棋力并附帶近七萬(wàn)局名手對(duì)局棋譜,是世上最完善的棋譜庫(kù)。同時(shí)忘憂圍棋還提供圍棋比賽直播功能,可以觀看職業(yè)棋手比賽的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna6CwQIG22u28GFHJPOI4Z6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGeKK0sUooA4MALq0CIJHTf"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

原標(biāo)題:

如何學(xué)圍棋?

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